{"id":2120,"date":"2020-06-25T10:15:38","date_gmt":"2020-06-25T15:15:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.med.virginia.edu\/mindfulness\/?p=2120"},"modified":"2020-06-25T12:10:56","modified_gmt":"2020-06-25T17:10:56","slug":"mindfulness-and-implicit-bias","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.med.virginia.edu\/mindfulness\/2020\/06\/25\/mindfulness-and-implicit-bias\/","title":{"rendered":"Mindfulness and Implicit Bias"},"content":{"rendered":"

By John Schorling<\/p>\n

Black Lives Matter.\u00a0 George Floyd\u2019s tragic murder under the knee of a Minneapolis policeman has again brought the issue of systemic racism to the forefront, not just in the US but around the world.\u00a0 This event, along with the recent killings of Breonna Taylor, Ahmoud Arbery and Rayshard Brooks, as well as the racial inequities in the impact of COVID-19, have highlighted the racial injustice, structural inequalities, and systematic biases that Blacks in this country face every day.\u00a0 The widespread protests that have resulted, including individuals from many different backgrounds, seem to indicate that there now may be greater understanding of how our assumptions and actions may be influenced towards others even when we claim, often with great sincerity, that we are not racist, or not even biased.\u00a0 Yet there continues to be ample evidence that systematic racial bias is widespread.\u00a0 Why is this?\u00a0 Why, even when we have the intention of truly viewing and treating everyone equally, with respect and compassion, is it so hard to do?\u00a0 And how can mindfulness help us in this pursuit?<\/p>\n

Humans are tribal. Link<\/a> \u00a0 We have spent most of the past 300,000 years as a species living in small social groups, competing with others for resources.\u00a0 Our brains have evolved so that we connect with those closest to us, in our families and our close communities, very easily, and create social bonds that promote cooperation.\u00a0 We find it equally easy to view others outside our social group as different, as not equal, and as potentially dangerous.\u00a0 Our ancestors who were especially good at this may have had a survival advantage in defending their resources and territory, and thus increased the likelihood that these traits would be transmitted to future generations.<\/p>\n

The most obvious manifestation of this is conscious or explicit bias, being aware that we do not like members of a different group, perhaps expressing and acting on this bias openly.\u00a0 Even when we don\u2019t explicitly believe we are biased, testing for implicit bias (bias that we are not consciously aware of), often demonstrates that we still view those who are different from us negatively, especially if we have been exposed to stereotypes that reinforce these differences.<\/p>\n

Implicit bias can also lead to discriminatory behavior.\u00a0 This occurs because all sensory input enters the brain below the level of conscious awareness, and it is processed there before it occurs to us as a thought.\u00a0 Several brain regions have been identified as being involved in this process, including the amygdala which is sometimes referred to as the \u201cthreat detector\u201d in the brain. The amygdala may be activated, signaling a threat, when we see others who are classified as belonging to a different group.\u00a0 This impression, which contains the implicit bias of another as threat, then is transmitted to the prefrontal cortex, where thinking occurs.\u00a0 If we are not paying attention, we will just react based on the automatic subconscious processing which includes this implicit bias.\u00a0 However, once this impression arrives in the prefrontal cortex where we can become aware of it, we then have the potential to decide whether we believe it or will act on it. Link<\/a><\/p>\n

This is where mindfulness can be very helpful.\u00a0 If we are aware that this process is always occurring, we can pause when we notice an emotional reaction to another person or group, and investigate it with curiosity.\u00a0 Paying attention in this way can help shed light on biases of which we might not otherwise be aware Link<\/a>.\u00a0 For example, we might notice a feeling of unease when a person who looks different than us comes up to us to ask a question while we are walking.\u00a0 Our initial inclination might be to just keep going.\u00a0 However, if we pause and notice our unease we can ask ourselves what\u2019s behind it.\u00a0 What are we feeling, and what is the underlying belief about people who look like the person asking us?\u00a0 Recognizing that a bias has been activated, and acknowledging the associated belief without having to still believe it, how do we want to proceed?<\/p>\n

If we begin noticing these reactions, we can become more aware of our biases, and more intentional in how we respond.\u00a0 We can question our assumptions and choose our actions carefully so that we can act more skillfully and compassionately.\u00a0 We can look deeply into the conditions that have resulted in these biases.\u00a0 We can talk about them with others to help shed light on them.\u00a0 We can make choices about not exposing ourselves to situations and media that reinforce negative stereotypes.\u00a0 We can seek out opportunities to interact with those who are different than us in positive ways.\u00a0 And we can seek to better understand the root causes of racism, demanding changes to the many policies and actions that perpetuate these cycles of discrimination and injustice as so many have been all around the world for the past month.\u00a0 Finally, we can commit to continuing to do all this, for these issues have been ongoing for over 400 years, and will not just disappear now without our sustained attention and effort.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Black Lives Matter.\u00a0 George Floyd\u2019s tragic murder under the knee of a Minneapolis policeman has again brought the issue of systemic racism to the forefront, not just in the US but around the world.\u00a0 This event, along with the recent killings of Breonna Taylor, Ahmoud Arbery and Rayshard Brooks, as well as the racial inequities in the impact of COVID-19, have highlighted the racial injustice, structural inequalities, and systematic biases that Blacks in this country face every day.\u00a0 The widespread protests that have resulted, including individuals from many different backgrounds, seem to indicate that there now may be greater understanding of how our assumptions and actions may be influenced towards others even when we claim, often with great sincerity, that we are not racist, or not even biased.\u00a0 Yet there continues to be ample evidence that systematic racial bias is widespread.\u00a0 Why is this?\u00a0 Why, even when we have the intention of truly viewing and treating everyone equally, with respect and compassion, is it so hard to do?\u00a0 And how can mindfulness help us in this pursuit?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1202,"featured_media":1909,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monthly-musings"],"acf":false,"yoast_head":"\nMindfulness and Implicit Bias - 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